Mahmoud Abbas, president of the Palestinian Authority (PA), has nominated Rawhi Fattouh to take over if he can not proceed in his publish on account of poor well being.
As Israel continued its struggle on Gaza – killing greater than 44,000 folks and injuring and ravenous numerous others – criticism of Abbas and his presidency heightened.
Abbas, 89, who additionally leads the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO), was elected president of the PA in 2005, a 12 months after then-leader Yasser Arafat died.
So why is he nominating a successor now and the way would the succession course of go?
First, what’s the Palestinian Authority?
The PA was established as an interim Palestinian authorities below the 1993 Oslo Accords, which then-Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin signed with Arafat.
The PA was initially conceived to manage fundamental provisions – corresponding to training, safety, water and electrical energy – for Palestinians residing below Israeli occupation in Gaza and elements of the West Financial institution, together with occupied East Jerusalem.
Oslo divided the West Financial institution into Areas A, B and C, giving the PA safety and administrative management over Space A and administrative management over Space B.
However Israel routinely conducts violent raids everywhere in the occupied West Financial institution.
Critics say the PA successfully acts as a safety equipment on behalf of the Israeli occupation.
Why is the PA nonetheless round?
The US-backed Oslo Accords ostensibly aimed to deliver a few Palestinian state by 1999 in Gaza and the West Financial institution with East Jerusalem as its capital.
Nevertheless, inside only a 12 months of the accords being signed, Israel was constructing unlawful settlements within the West Financial institution.
The assassination of Rabin by a far-right Israeli nationalist additionally dimmed any hopes that Israel would give up the occupied territory to the PA.
Regardless of failing to result in Palestinian statehood, the PA continued indefinitely below the management of Abbas, despite the fact that his time period technically got here to an finish in 2009.
Why is Abbas nonetheless president of the PA?
In 2006, the Hamas group, which didn’t recognise Israel, gained the election to steer the PA.
Western donors froze funding to power it to recognise Israel, which it refuses to do till Israel recognises a Palestinian state.
An influence-sharing was tried between Hamas and rival occasion Fatah – which additionally Abbas leads – however combating erupted and Hamas kicked Fatah out of Gaza.
Fatah has since run the PA within the occupied West Financial institution, failing to cease Israel’s encroachment and shedding recognition.
Abbas avoids parliamentary and presidential elections as a result of, analysts say, he fears Fatah losing to Hamas and him shedding his publish.
Palestinians hoped they might vote in Could 2021, however Abbas postponed the elections, blaming Israel for saying it will not permit voting in occupied East Jerusalem.
Has he by no means had a successor? What if he will get sick?
He solely selected a successor just a few days in the past.
Rawhi Fattouh is the previous speaker of the Palestinian Legislative Council, present speaker of the Palestinian Nationwide Council – the legislative physique of the PLO – and a member of Fatah’s Central Committee.
If Abbas can not proceed as president, Fattouh assumes the presidency of the PA for 90 days till elections might be held. He did that earlier than, in 2004 when Arafat died.
Fattouh will not be power-hungry and can readily step apart as soon as a brand new determine is elected, Tahani Mustafa, an skilled on Palestinian politics for the Worldwide Disaster Group, mentioned.
“Rawhi Fattouh … doesn’t have any political ambition,” she mentioned. “He’s somebody that may simply hand over the mantle.”
Why did Abbas do that now?
Reportedly, due to strain from the US and Gulf states.
In September, Saudi Arabia allied with a number of Arab and European nations – it didn’t specify which of them – to push for a two-state answer to deliver an finish to the Palestinian-Israeli battle.
Later in September, Riyadh pledged to offer the cash-strapped Authority $60m to maintain it afloat.
ICG’s Mustafa mentioned Saudi Arabia conditioned the ultimate instalment of $10m on Abbas selecting a successor.
The PA had been ham-strung by Israel withholding $188m in tax revenues that it collects on behalf of the PA – an Oslo stipulation.
Does Abbas nonetheless have energy in Palestinian politics?
Sure, him and his circle.
Abbas nonetheless heads Fatah, the most important and oldest Palestinian political group and has already picked Mahmoud al-Aloul – deputy chairman of the central committee – to take over the occasion after him.
Extra considerably, Abbas heads the Palestinian Liberation Organisation (PLO), which is way extra highly effective than the PA.
The PLO – an umbrella motion of Palestinian factions dominated by Fatah – lobbies for the rights of Palestinians and makes choices on their behalf on the worldwide stage
In response to Mustafa, Abbas has ensured that his shut confidant Hussein al-Sheikh – PLO secretary-general – will succeed him as its head.
To do that, Abbas staffed the chief council of the PLO with loyalists to make sure they vote somebody from his circle into energy if an election occurs.
“The PA is the least-coveted position as a result of it’s simply … a service supplier,” mentioned Mustafa. “The true creme de la creme right here is the PLO and Fatah.”
